审题是托福写作的步,很多同学只顾着写出华丽的辞藻却忽视了这最为重要的一步并因此导致失分。杭州新航道托福培训小编为此整理了这篇托福独立写作常见审题误区,希望大家在审题时加以留心。
审题误区一、忽略关键词
同学们考写作考了这么多年,大多数出题的形式都已烂熟于心,看到题目之后觉得熟悉于是兴冲冲提笔就写,其实,这种看似“熟练”的表象下藏着巨大的隐患。同学们很有可能因为看得太快而忽略某个决定题目意思的关键词。例如:
例1:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising is the only main cause for people’s unhealthy eating habits.
看到这个题目,同学们立刻会开始想,有没有other reasons for unhealthy habits,想出三条:
如:1.People’s tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours;
2.Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that
they go on “endless diets”;
3.Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider
eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever.
综上所述,advertising is not the only cause.
这个写法看起来非常完美,但其实犯了一个不起眼却严重的错误——题目不是要我们证明it is not the only cause,而是要我们去证明it is not the only main cause。多一个“main”,意思是很不一样的。
如果我们只需要证明it is not the only cause,那么找出other causes即可,即例1中的写法。但是,如果我们要证明it is not the only main cause,就需要证明other causes
that we mentioned are also main causes,这就需要在每一段中加上一些专门的说明。或者,更简单的办法是去证明advertising is not even a cause, 直接在每段的末尾加上advertising与该段所论述的unhealthy eating habit无关的论述即可。If it is not a cause, how can it be the only main cause? 这样一来,就不用通过证明还有其他main cause来反驳了,事实上,证明某种cause是main cause还是挺有难度的,因此笔者推荐同学们用后一种方式进行论述。因此,文章还是disagree,而三段的主题句分别应该是:
1.People’s tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours,and it is obvious that they are too busy to be influenced by
advertising;
2.Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that
they go on “endless diets”, and this is more like a result of human nature,the
pursuit of beauty, but not advertising;
3.Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider
eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever, and it is
quite clear that no advertising encourages them to do so.
审题误区二、误解关键词
与忽略关键词的人不同,有些同学过于执着于关键词的字面意思,而没能看出其背后的implication,从而被关键词限制住思路,无法下笔。比起忽略关键词,这种错误更常发生在细心且实力不错的同学身上,也很值得大家注意。笔者建议,在写文章的时候要灵活,不要拘泥于关键词的字面意思,否则理由很不好想,就算想出来也很难用英文表达。例如:
例2:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should spend more money on elementary school education than on
university education.
题目的意思是说,比起投资大学教育,政府应该在小学教育上投入更多的资金。看到这个题,同学们会有不同的看法,大体来讲无非是两种,认为university education应该花更多的钱或反之。但是,大家很快会发现证明任何一种观点都是不容易的。比如说,有些同学可能会这样写:
Agree.
1.Elementary school education involves more students than university
education and it requires more money;
2.Colleges and universities have more sponsors than elementary schools
so that the government should offer more financial support for the
latter.
3.Since elementary school education is the cornerstone of university
education,it deserves more money from the government.
上面的主题句看起来是没有问题的,然而在展开的时候困难重重。所以我们可以有以下论述:
(Main idea) I cannot agree that the government should spend more moneyon elementary school education than on university education, because
they are equally important.
(Topic sentence) 1. Elementary school education prepares children for college education by teaching them how to learn and what they are supposed to learn. 2. University education helps students to be ready for the competitive job market by equip them with excellent knowledge for jobs and good communication skills.
(Conclusion) Since elementary school education and university education are both indispensable and irreplaceable parts of our lifelong education
and they complete each other, it would be rigid to say that anyone
of them deserves more money than the other.
上述就是小编和大家分享的托福独立写作常见审题误区,如果大家还有什么疑问,也可以登录杭州新航道官网和我们的在线客服交流,我们会耐心的为您解答!