如何写出优美的托福作文?托福写作的基本框架是词汇,在词汇量丰富的基础上运用结构内容丰富的句子,一定是篇不错的文章。下面新航道小编就为大家准备了一篇关于如何写出优美的托福作文的文章,供大家参考。
老外眼中句子分为3个档次,最差的是主动句,较好的是被动句,倒装句等,的nominalization(名词化)的句子,这样的句子最学术最适合写论文。那么面对这样的差异,我们需要重新审视我们托福考试写作中的思维方式,做到如何恰到好处又不“画蛇添足”。
所谓“句式多样化”,其实理解起来并不难,无非是熟练的使用从句(名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句等)、同位语、介词短语,而更别的要求,则可以尝试使用强调句、倒装句、虚拟语气等更复杂的表达方式。上述这些句式,其实大部分中国的学生在高中阶段就已经完全熟悉,然而因为高中的英语教学往往忽视英语 写作中不同句式的应用,而过多的强调词汇,因此很多学生并不能熟练灵活的运用这些他们原本熟悉的语法知识。
就拿一位同学写过的一篇作文来举一个例子,来看这道托福作文真题:
Some people like to record their life by sharing pictures and other informationon social networking sites. Others keep this information to themselves and nevershare it online. Which do you prefer?
有一位同学其中一段的观点是,通过在社交网站上分享个人信息,人们可以更好的留存自己的记忆。其中例子部分他时这样写的:
Last year is my parents’20th anniversary of marriage.I gave them CDs and
photos as gift. These CDs and photos are collected from their Facebook home
pages. After receiving my gift,they were deeply impressed.
可以看出,这个段落犯了许多同学容易犯的问题,依然是简单句的大量堆砌。然而,想要把这段文字改正比较好的复合句,其实并不难,首先我们要从每一句话在这个例子中所起的作用是什么:
Last year is my parents’20th anniversary of marriage. 这句说的是时间发生的时间
I gave them CDs and photos as gift. 这是整件事的核心。
These CDs and photos are collected from their Facebook home pages. 这是对礼物的句子描述,也就是定语
After receiving my gift, they were deeply impressed.这句说的是时间发生之后的结果。
这样分析就非常简单了,只要把每一个部分起到的作用后面加上“从句”两个字,这个句子的改写方法就呼之欲出了。
Last year is my parents’ 20th anniversary of marriage. 可以改成时间状语从句,加上when
I gave them CDs and photos as gift. 不变
These CDs and photos are collected from their Facebook home pages. 可改成定语从句,加上which
After receiving my gift, they were deeply impressed.可改成结果状语从句,也可以选择用非谓语动词表示结果。
把这些句子重新组合在一起,就可以这样写:
For instance, when it comes to my parents’20th anniversary of marriage last year,I gave them CDs and photos, which were collected from their Facebook home
pages,as gift, impressing them deeply.
由此我们可以看出,只需要适当的修改,刚才还是简单句的罗列,现在已经成为了比较规范的复合句。自然这些句子还可以写得更好,如可以选择更贴切的词汇。但对于许多还不习惯使用复合句的学生而言,这已经是符合ETS要求的规范的句式。
下面我们一起看看高分如何表达。
正常句: Luck only works in extreme cases.
倒装句: Only in extreme cases does luck work.(否定词位于句首的倒装)
正常句: The internet provides people access to the latest information.
强调句: It is the internet that provides people access to the latest information. (强调the internet)
正常句: The environment has been deteriorating severely along with the development of industry.
状语前置句: Along with the accelerating development of industry, the environment has been deteriorating severely.
正常句: However, new zoos try to duplicate animals’ natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a comfortable amount of space.
插入语: New zoos, however, try to duplicate animals’ natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a comfortable amount of space. (连词however做插入语)
主语多样
1. 她突然想到了一个主意。
She suddenly had an idea.
通常情况下,考生会马上对这句话进行翻译,基本不会动句子结构。但是以人作为主语的英语句子总是不能够很吸引人,所以这个句子如果稍微做下修改,以后面的宾语“主意”做主语,这个句子会发生一些变化。
An idea suddenly occurred to her.
2. 他开车心不在焉,几乎闯祸。
He was absent-minded when driving, and almost caused an accident.
这句话依然是拿人做主语,稍微改一下,把心不在焉这个形容词的名词形式做主语,会大不相同。
His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.
3. 美利坚合众国创立于1789年。
The United States of America was founded in 1789.
这句话没有任何错误,但是不够多样,可以用时间作主语。
The year 1789 witnessed the founding of the United States of America.
以上就是小编为大家介绍的如何写出优美的托福作文的相关内容,同学们学会了吗?一篇好的文章都是由一个个句子堆砌起来的,只有打牢英语基本功,才能将英语综合能力运用的恰到好处,这就要求大家平时多多积累,将英语运用到生活当中。更多、最的托福咨询,请关注杭州新航道官网或关注我们的公众微信号杭州新航道学校。