在上课时,我经常听到有同学说:“每个词我都认识,但是放在一起我不知道他在说什么!” OR “这哪怕给我的是中文,我也不知道他在说些什么…”同学们是不是经常会对某些托福阅读的文章产生这样的困惑,尤其是那些你不爱的不感兴趣的背景内容?可是,不行呀!你得做题呀!你得拿分呀!怎么办?
方案来了
对于上述症状,建议大家做以下的步骤:
1、先抓段落主题
2、尝试简化句子
3、选此类背景的一次性刷上几篇
举个例子:
This mode of craft production favored the growth of self-governing and ideologically egalitarian craft guilds everywhere in the Middle Eastern city. These were essentially professional associations that provided for the mutual aid and protection of their members, and allowed for the maintenance of professional standards. The growth of independent guilds was furthered by the fact that surplus was not a result of domestic craft production but resulted primarily from international trading; the government left working people to govern themselves, much as shepherds of tribal confederacies were left alone by their leaders. In the multiplicity of small-scale local egalitarian or quasi-egalitarian organizations for fellowship, worship, and production that flourished in this laissez-faire environment, individuals could interact with one another within a community of harmony and ideological equality, following their own popularly elected leaders and governing themselves by shared consensus while minimizing distinctions of wealth and power.
Step1
抓段落主题:通常主题句都在段首一两句。可得:这段主要是要讲述产品模式有利于自治的和平等的商会的发展。可预判:文段接下来会对这类商会展开描述。
Step2
简化句子:这段一共四个句子(只是每个句子都很长)。
简化是指先抓句子主干(通常是主谓宾),对句子核心意思进行把控,剩余的细节信息再填充理解,有个印象就行了。简化理解时语句越白话越好。可得
句:产品模式有利于自治的和平等的商会的发展;
第二句:这些商会是这样的组织(保护成员,维持秩序);
第三句:独立商会的发展被以下事实进一步加强:自治
第四句:在这样的(主要是平等)组织中,个体可以…
做了以上对文段结构和对每句核心意思的把握后,这看似晦涩冗长的一大段是不是瞬间好懂很多了呢?
当然,哪怕是这样,还是有很多同学抗拒去理解此类较抽象表述的内容。然而,这类文章在考试中占比是有接近50%的。所以,哪怕不爱看,也建议大家去做Step3⃣️。对于不爱读的内容,去找相关背景的文章多读个几篇。你大概就会发现,也不过如此,常考的背景重叠率还是很高的。在你非常熟悉一些背景词和背景内容后,读起来感觉就不一样了。毕竟,虽然你可能不热爱人文历史,但如果是小学生课本的文章难度,那做题拿分又费什么劲呢?