新SAT写作沿用了部分老SAT写作中的语法考点,说到语法考点就不得不提的是修饰语中悬垂结构的语病,这对考生来说是一个很大的难点。接下来,杭州新航道SAT写作小编就为大家讲述如何避免SAT写作悬垂结构,让大家在以后的考试中不再惧怕这种语法结构。
考生们要避免悬垂结构的语病,首先要明确,作伴随状语的非谓语动词或介词短语实际上可以理解为省略了和句子主干相同的主语,如果逻辑上的主语和实际的主语不一致句子就会变得词不达意。分清楚伴随状语的逻辑主语,其和句子的主语保持一致是关键。
首先,非谓语动词包括现在分词(doing),过去分词(done),以及不定式(to do)三种形式。现在分词doing一般表示动作伴随着句子谓语的动作发生,和主语是主动关系;过去分词done表示和主语的被动关系;而不定式to do一般表示目的性质。
如何避免悬垂结构的出现呢?就是要保证none-finite verbs的主语和句子主语一致,具体我们看下面的例子:
Visiting Paris two hundred years ago, the city would have looked very different.
A) NO CHANGE
B) Paris would have looked very different.
C) the difference in the city would be seen.
D) you would have seen a very different city.
这个句子中,Visiting Paris two hundred years ago是主干部分的伴随状语,visiting的动作应当是由人发出,去拜访两百年之前的巴黎,人们会发现一个完全不同的city. 选项里面只有D的you可以用作visiting的主语。
当伴随状语的结构用到过去分词的时候也同理:
Based on the four years Behar spent interviewing Esperanza Hernández, a street peddler in the Mexican town of Mexquitic, Hernández felt torn between her Mexican and Indian identities.
A) NO CHANGE
B) the book recounts the tensions Hernandez felt
C) Behar found it fascinating that Hernandez felt torn
D) she recounts the tensions Hernandez felt
这个句子中Based on the four years B spent interviewing EH,指某事物是基于四年来B对EH的采访,based的逻辑主语应当是某个事物或者观点而不是人本身,所以选项里面的the book可以作为based的主语,其他选项都会构成悬垂结构的语病。
伴随状语是介词短语的情况下,同样要注意主语一致性的问题:
Even with its shortcomings, the continued preservation of invaluable locales was made possible by the Antiquities Act of 1906.
A.)NO CHANGE
B.)the Antiquities Act of 1906 made the continued preservation of invaluable locales possible.
C.)invaluable locales were saved from destruction and their continued preservation was made possible.
D.)the destruction of invaluable locales was prevented with the Antiquities Act of 1906, and it ensured continued preservation of such sites.
这个题目中with its shortcomings是with的介词短语做伴随,its这个物主代词指代的是句中的Act,强调the Antiquities Act of 1906是存在不足的,preservation是并不完美的Act带来的正向结果,因此用preservation做主语的选项都会构成悬垂结构的语病。
有关避免SAT写作悬垂结构的介绍就是这么多,希望对正在备考的同学有帮助。另外,多看一些SAT写作范文也是不错的选择,从模仿练起,逐步的超越,你的SAT写作一定会有很大的进步。真的觉得很难搞定,也可以来杭州新航道报个培训班,各种类型的课程任你挑,更有同步辅导,成绩是一件很简单的事。