SAT写作经典人物范文--法拉第
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The English chemist and physicist Michael Faraday, b. Sept. 22, 1791, d.Aug. 25, 1867, is known for his pioneering experiments in electricity andmagnetism. Many consider him the greatest experimentalist who ever lived.
Several concepts that he derived directly from experiments, such as lines of magnetic force, have become common ideas in modern physics.
Faraday was born at Newington, Surrey, near London. He received little more than a primary education, and at the age of 14 he was apprenticed to a bookbinder. There he became interested in the physical and chemical works of the time. After hearing a lecture by the famous chemist Humphry Davy, he sent Davy the notes he had made of his lectures. As a result Faraday was appointed, at the age of 21, assistant to Davy in the laboratory of the Royal Institution in London.
During the initial years of his scientific work, Faraday occupied himself mainly with chemical problems. He discovered two new chlorides of carbon and succeeded in liquefying chlorine and other gases. He isolated benzene in 1825, the year in which he was appointed director of the laboratory.
Davy, who had the greatest influence on Faraday's thinking, had shown in 1807 that the metals sodium and potassium can be precipitated from their compounds by an electric current, a process known as electrolysis.
Faraday's vigorous pursuit of these experiments led in 1834 to what became known as Faraday's laws of electrolysis.
Faraday described his numerous experiments in electricity and electromagnetism in three volumes entitled Experimental Researches in Electricity (1839, 1844, 1855); his chemical work was chronicled in Experimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics (1858). Faraday ceased research work in 1855 because of declining mental powers, but he continued as a lecturer until 1861. A series of six children's lectures published in 1860 as The Chemical History of a Candle, has become a classic of science literature.
迈克尔·法拉第(Michael Faraday，公元1791～公元1867)英国物理学家、化学家，也是的自学成才的科学家。生于萨里郡纽因顿一个贫苦铁匠家庭。仅上过小学。1831年，他作出了关于力场的关键性突破，永远改变了人类文明。1815年5月回到皇家研究所在戴维指导下进行化学研究。1824年1月当选皇家学会会员，1825年2月任皇家研究所实验室主任，1833----1862任皇家研究所化学教授。1846年荣获伦福德奖章和皇家勋章。
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