雅思阅读技巧之定位词

     雅思考试以4、6级词汇为基础，看似不存在难点，但其实雅思词汇会存在各种变形，正是这种种变形阻碍了考生们的思考，也使得考生在做雅思阅读的时候，经常找不到非常关键的定位词的位置，也就没有办法找到答案。　　

    雅思定位词变身之“同义替换”，这包含同义词或同义词组

    剑6，Test4的Q9：Kim Schaefer’s marketing technique may be open to criticism on moral grounds。题目中定位词为moral，在文章中定位，我们会在文章第三段中定位到“Selling pharmaceuticals is a daily exercise in ethical judgment”，而其中ethical即为moral的同义词。

    剑4，Test3的Q9：Any street child can set up their own small business if given enough support.此判断题中定位词实际上是词组“set up their own small business ”，在文章中定位，我们会在文章中“Lessons learned” 的部分中定位到“Being an entrepreneur is not for everyone, not for every street child”。此处，文章中“Being an entrepreneur”即为定位词的同义词组。

    其他的同义词/词组变身如:

    perceive →sense evolve →develop detect →find

    mortal →people unbiased → objective

    limb → arm or leg waste→ unwanted material

    resemble → look like dwelling → domestic building

    雅思定位词之“近义替换”，这包含近义词或近义词组

    剑7，Test1的Q8：However, even before this was understood, the principle had been applied in the design of instruments which calculated the ____ of the seabed。 此题为在原文中选词填空的摘要题，定位词为“calculate”和“seabed”， 在文章中我们会定位到“Before this was discovered, engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle, for example to measure the depth of the sea under a ship”。此处“measure”即为“calculate”的近义词，而“sea”即为“seabed”的上义词。

    其他的近义词/词组变身如：

    salary → wage statement → comment

    be gained from → derive from policy → initiative

    valuable → important break down → subdivide

    雅思定位词之“派生词”

    剑6，Test3的Q33：Monkeys were less likely to become diabetic。此题为分类题，定位词为“diabetic”，在文章中定位，我们能定位到句子“…and they have more normal blood glucose levels(pointing to a reduced risk for diabetes, which is marked by usually high blood glucose levels)”。题目中定位词“diabetic”为名词，意为“糖尿病患者”，而文章中的“diabetes”也为名词，但意为“糖尿病”，是“diabetic”的派生词。

    剑4，Test4的Q14：archaeology involves creativity as well as careful investigative work。 此题为是非无判断题，定位词为“creativity”和“investigative”，在文章中我们能定位到“Archaeology is partly the discovery of the treasures of the past,…partly the exercise of the creative imagination…it is investigating the sewers of Roman Britain”。题目中定位词“creativity”为名词，在文章中对应形式“creative”(形容词)为它的派生词，;定位词“investigative”为形容词，在文章中对应形式“investigate”(动词)为它的派生词。

    其他的派生词变身如：

    recover → recovery evolutionary → evolve

    erosion → erode

    雅思定位词之“反义词的否定形式”

    Sticking Power中的Q15：What makes sticky insects feet special is the fact that they can also detach themselves easily from a surface。

    此题属于人名理论配对，题目中定位词为 detach。到文章中去定位，我们会定位到“’There are lots of ways to make two surfaces stick together, but there are very few which provide precise and reversible attachment’ says Stas Gorb”，句中attachment实际上为detach的反义词attach的名词形式，而reversible表示可逆的，因此reversible attachment即为detach的反义词(组)的否定形式。

    其它的反义词否定形式变身如：similar → not unusual

    雅思定位词之“上义词/词组”

    剑6，Test3的Q28：Studies show drugs available today can delay the process of growing old。此题为是非无判断题，定位词为“drugs”，在文章中定位，我们能在文章段定位到“As researchers on aging noted recently, no treatment on the market today has been proved to slow human aging –the build-up of molecular and cellular damage that increases vulnerability to infirmity as we get older”。文章中“treatment”即为定位词“drugs”的上义词。

    剑4，Test2的Q8：Young people often reject the established way of life in their community。此题为人名理论配对题，题目中信息量较大，需要根据词组“reject the established way of life in their community”来定位，到文章中定位，我们会定位到“When the next generation reaches their teens, they might not want to be induced into the old traditions”。此处，“the old traditions”即为题目中“the established way of life in their community”的上义词组。

    更多雅思阅读相关问题点击在线咨询，即有机会获取系统随机抽取幸运大奖，《2011-2012雅思真题集》、《托福核心词汇》等好礼等你来拿！