一、托福听力

　　【对话】1、生活场景：在学校食堂工作的装冰淇淋的男生和他的manager的对话，想换工作时间。还讲了餐厅冰淇淋要更健康，更多款式。

　　2、选课场景：一个女生想从literature转到art history，然后教授给女生一本描述历史的书，这本书从literature讲到history，然后让她好好考虑。最后也让女生联系一个跟他们讨论内容有关联的工作人员。

　　【讲座】1、人类学：关于北美的纽因特人。人类学家发现他们使用的三种材料。然后说到这三种材料的优缺点，最后谈论一个special的材料，说它是最好的那个。

　　2、音乐学：关于巴洛克时期的音乐。教授说他的一些common practice，然后最后讲到了它和早期音乐的区别，并谈论到在它在歌剧艺术中的运用。

　　3、动物学：澳大利亚的一种battle之类的动物，数量变少了，如何去preserve它的一些方法。最后提到了和水源、sheep graze相关。

　　二、托福阅读

　　1.十八世纪绘画/肖像画

　　2.地下水是怎么产生的

　　3.植物病毒：主要讲烟草花叶病毒，发现过程以及了解了它的本质，以及它如何侵染植物和对植物，间接对人的影响～

　　4.Words in Dutch Painting

　　5.木星的卫星

　　6.美索不达米亚的农业命中

       三、托福口语

       Task1 Imagine that you live in a crowded city with only one green space-the city park. To address theissue of overcrowding the city council has proposed building a new housing complex on this lastspace in the city center. Do you think this is a good idea？ Explain why or why not

　　Task2 New Government Internship ProgramStarting this year， political science and economics students may apply to spend a summer in thestates capital city and complete an internship with the state government， working in a governmentoffice. The political science department decided this internship program so hat students will havethe opportunity to gain work experience that will help prepare them for future careers working forthe government. In order to ensure that selected interns are academically prepared for theinternships， only students who have completed two years of coursework in either the politicalscience or economics department will be eligible to apply for this program. The man expresses his opinion about the proposal described in the letter. Briefly summarize theproposal. Then state his opinion about the proposal and explain the reasons he gives for holdingthat opinion.

　　Task3 CoevolutionSometimes， when organisms live close to one another， the development of one organism maybecome dependent upon the development of the other organism. The two organisms may evenstart influencing each others genetic composition in such a way that， over a long period of time， achange in the genetic makeup of one organism stimulates a corresponding change in the geneticmakeup of the other organism living by its side. Biologists are able to establish when geneticchanges in two species are reciprocal， occurring in one species as a result of interaction with theother species. They call this process of interaction coevolution. Explain how the example from the lecture illustrates the concept of the coevolution.

　　Task4 Use the professor's points and examples， explain what hot-dusking is and describe twodisadvantages of it.

　　四、托福写作

　　【综合写作】Bronze Age文明陨落的三个原因阅读：1. 地震频发2. 被Sea Peoples打败3. 气候变化导致食物短缺

　　听力：1. 地震在100年前就停止发生了，因此Late Bronze Age没有地震发生；城市没有被再次修复，可能是因为它们并不重要2. 在当地没有找到任何武器，比如spear， sword，很有可能这些人在城市被abandoned后，住进了城市里3. 由于干旱，人们早就建造了grain storehouse。阅读中letter提到的内容，很有可能只是在描述问题，但其实已经有解决方案了

　　【学术讨论】新题Professor：在旅游旺季，很多人会选择住在private residences，而不住hotel，你认为这是否是一个good idea？